|
Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA)
The Australian
Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) is responsible for regulating
telecommunications and radio communications, including promoting
industry self-regulation and managing the radiofrequency spectrum.
The ACMA was formed on 1 July 2005 by the merging of the Australian
Communications Authority (ACA) and Australian Broadcasting Authority (ABA).
The ACMA also has significant consumer protection responsibilities.
A Record
Address Record, assigns an IP address to an Internet host.
.arpa is a Top-Level Domain which can be reached about all
Root-Servers and is managed by RIPE.
Accredited Registrar
A Registrar (retailer for ENUM) that has been accredited having met
certain minimum criteria to act as a Registrar.
Allocation
The process by which E.164 numbers pass from the ACMA to a CSP
BIND
Berkeley Internet Name Daemon, a widely used implementation of a DNS
server.
Circuit Switched Network
In a circuit switched network, a dedicated physical path is maintained for
the duration of the connection. For example, ordinary voice calls
are circuit switched, so for the duration of the telephone call, the
service provider reserves a path over the physical phone lines for
your call which can't be used by anyone else until the call is
completed.
CSP
Carriage Service Provider.
Domain
Each named Internet host belongs to a domain, which itself may be a
sub-domain of a domain higher in the naming heirarchy of DNS. There
is no requirement for hosts within a given domain to belong to the
same physical network – domains are primarily a conceptual boundary,
and in the majority of cases, they imply an administrative boundary.
DNS
The DNS is the hierarchical system by which easy-to-remember,
human-friendly names like "yahoo.com" are associated with Internet
locations.
E.164
Is the name of the international telephone numbering plan
administered by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU),
which specifies the format, structure, and administrative hierarchy
of telephone numbers.
E164 number
E.164 is a recommendation issued by the ITU (ITU-T Rec. E.164) for
the international telephone-number plan. An E.164 number is made up
of decimal digits only and must satisfy particular requirements as
regards its structure, length and uniqueness. As part of the number
plan, the individual countries have been assigned particular
national codes (Australia, for instance, has 61).
E164.arpa
.arpa is an infrastructure domain that is used as the Top Level
Domain for ENUM domains. e164.arpa is a Second Level Domain. The individual national
codes are placed under e164.arpa. Australian numbers, for instance,
are mapped under 1.6.e164.arpa.
ENUM
Electronic Telephone Numbers Mapping.
ENUM numbers
E164 telephone numbers whose primary purpose during the trial is for
ENUM domains.
ENUM Record
This is what the subscriber's ENUM number is mapped to and contains
their contact details which could be telephone numbers (mobile, home
etc), SIP addresses for Internet phones, email addresses, fax number
etc. The owner of the ENUM record would be able to decide how they
would like to be contacted, or they may prefer to allow the caller
to view all their contact details and decide for themselves.
EPP
EPP v1.0 is the latest protocol utilised by our internet Registry to
enable multiple Registrars to administer domain name information.
Glue record
A glue record is an ‘A’ record that is created as part of a
delegation. If a zone is delegated to a name server whose hostname
is a Descendant of that particular zone, then a glue record for that
hostname must be included in the delegation.
H.323
A standard approved by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
that defines how audiovisual conferencing data is transmitted across
networks. In theory, H.323 should enable users to participate in the
same conference even though they are using different
videoconferencing applications.
Host
Also called a name server. A computer that has both the software and
the data (zone files) needed to resolve Domain Names to Internet
Protocol (IP) numbers.
HTTP
Short for HyperText Transfer Protocol, the underlying protocol used
by the World Wide Web. HTTP defines how messages are formatted and
transmitted, and what actions Web servers and browsers should take
in response to various commands.
ICANN
The non-profit organisation that officially coordinates the
technical management of the Internet's Domain Name system. It was
founded to assume responsibility for items such as IP address space
assignment, protocol parameter assignment, domain name system
management, and root server system management.
International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
The ITU, headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland is an international
organization within the United Nations System where governments and
the private sector coordinate global telecom networks and services.
Internet Architecture Board (IAB)
The IAB is chartered both as a committee of the Internet Engineering
Task Force (IETF) and as an advisory body of the Internet Society (ISOC).
Its responsibilities include architectural oversight of IETF
activities, Internet Standards Process oversight and appeal, and the
appointment of the RFC Editor. The IAB is also responsible for the
management of the IETF protocol parameter registries.
IANA
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a large open
international community of network designers, operators, vendors,
and researchers concerned with the evolution of the Internet
architecture and the smooth operation of the Internet.
Internet Protocol (IP)
The communications protocol underlying the Internet. IP allows
large, geographically-diverse networks of computers to communicate
with each other quickly and economically over a variety of physical
links.
IP addresses
An Internet Protocol Address is the numerical address by which a
location in the Internet is identified. Computers on the Internet
use IP addresses to route traffic and establish connections among
themselves; people generally use the human-friendly names made
possible by the Domain Name System.
LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol, defined in RFCs 1777 and
1778, a method of accessing information stored in directories.
Name Server
A server responsible for answering DNS resolution requests.
Name Service
Providing individuals or organisations with domain name-to-Internet
Protocol (IP) number resolution by maintaining and making available
the hardware, software, and data needed to perform this function.
Many Internet Service Providers (ISPs) operate name servers and
provide their customers with name service when they register a
domain name. Most individuals are not in a position to operate a
name server on their own and will need to make arrangements for name
service with an ISP or some other person or organisation.
NAPTR
Resource Records Naming Authority Pointer Resource Record is an
entry in a Domain Name System.
OT&E
Operational Test and Evaluation - A process in which accredited
Registrars develop client systems and software to register and
manage domain names and name servers prior to live operation.
Packet Switched Network
In a packet switched network, the data is broken up into small units
called packets. Each packet contains the destination address and can
be routed separately. Therefore, each packet may take a different
path to the destination. Unlike circuit switched networks, packet
switched networks allow the same data path to be shared among many
users. Almost all traffic over the Internet is packet switched.
PSTN
Short for Public Switched Telephone Network, which refers to the
international telephone system based on copper wires carrying analog
voice data.
Registrant
The individual or organisation that registers a specific ENUM. This
individual or organisation holds the right to use that specific
domain name for a specified period of time, provided certain
conditions are met and the registration fees are paid.
Registrar
A person or entity that, via a contract with Registrants and a
Registry (wholesale provider), provides front-end registration
services to Registrants. These services form the public interface to
Registry services.
Registration
The act of registering an ‘allocated’ E164 number as an e164 domain
name in the ENUM Registry. Registry has the exclusive responsibly
for maintenance of a centralised Registry for its particular
information. AusRegistry International is the Registry (wholesale
provider) for ENUM in Australia.
Resolve
The term used to describe the process by which domain names are
matched with corresponding Internet Protocol (IP) numbers.
Resolution is accomplished by a combination of computers and
software, referred to as name servers that use the data in the
Domain Name System to determine which IP numbers correspond to a
particular domain name.
RIPE
The RIPE NCC is one of four Regional Internet Registries (RIRs)
providing Internet resource allocations, registration services and
co-ordination activities that support the operation of the Internet
globally.
Roid
Remote Object Identifier. AusRegistry International produces roids every time a
Registry object is created.
Root Server
A machine that has the software and data needed to locate name
servers that contain authoritative data for the top-level domains
(e.g., root servers know which name servers contain authoritative
data for com, net, fr, UK etc.). The root servers are, in fact, name
servers and contain authoritative data for the very top of the
Domain Name System (DNS) hierarchy.
SIP
Session Initiation Protocol, performs the initiation of interactive
communications sessions between users, as well as termination of
those communications and modifications to sessions.
Sponsoring CSP
The identity of the CSP to whom the E164 number is currently
allocated.
Sponsoring Registrar
The identity of the Registrar currently responsible for the e164
domain name in the Registry database.
SRV
Another source record type within the DNS system.
SS7
(ISUP or TCAP) Short for Signaling System 7, a telecommunications
protocol defined by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
as a way to offload PSTN data traffic congestion onto a wireless or
wireline digital broadband network.
SSL
SSL is an acronym for "Secure Socket Layer", a security protocol
that provides communications privacy over the Internet. The protocol
allows client/server applications to communicate in a way that is
designed to prevent eavesdropping, tampering, or message forgery.
Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
TCP is one of the main
protocols in
TCP/IP networks. Whereas the IP protocol deals only with packets,
TCP enables two hosts to establish a connection and exchange streams
of data. TCP guarantees delivery of data and also guarantees that
packets will be delivered in the same order in which they were sent.
URI
A URI identifies a resource on the Internet and typically describes
the mechanism used to access the resource (such as the http
protocol), the computer that the resource is housed in, and the name
of the resource on the computer (the file name).
URL
The most common kind of URI is the Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
which is a webpage address such as:
http://www.ausregistry.com.au.
Voice over IP (VoIP)
Voice over Internet Profile, is another way of saying IP Telephony.
It involves the transmission of telephone calls over a data network
like the Internet. In other words, VoIP can send voice, fax, and
other information over the Internet, rather than through the (PSTN)
or regular telephone network.
Voice Profile for Internet Mail (VPIM)
VPIM is based on existing Internet Mail specifications. It wraps
encoded voice messages in MIME (Multipurpose Internet Mail
Extensions) message parts, and uses SMTP to transport them over
TCP/IP networks. The VPIM profile requires that these multi-part
messages be formatted and used according to a specific set of
Internet conventions and rules, and its predictability enables voice
mail servers to automatically and correctly handle messages and
their constituent parts.
WhoIs
A TCP transaction based query/response server that provides a net
wide directory service to network users. This can be used to
determine if domain names are registered and by whom. More complex
queries can result in multiple results showing lists of domains
registered to specific entities or residing on specified host
machines.
Zones
In DNS, a contiguous portion of a domain consisting of names or
delegations. Formally, a domain name belongs to exactly one
(authoritative) zone.
|
